small fixes on heating.md
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djahnie 2024-01-21 14:39:58 +01:00
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Since beginning of Winter 2021, Kanthaus is powered by an air heat pump heating system, which means we heat fossil free only using electricity.
The outdoor unit is located in the garden outside of K20-0-1. Using a special liquid called refrigerant, it heats up water to send through our radiators, or domestic hot water (also called 'dhw') for showering and sinks.
The outdoor unit is located in the garden outside of K20-0-1. Using a special liquid called refrigerant, it heats up water to send through our radiators, or domestic hot water (also called 'DHW') for showering and sinks.
The heat pump control panel is installed on the wall next to the Main Kitchen door in the hallway of K20-1.
@ -21,18 +21,18 @@ Heat pumps work fundamentally different from gas heaters. (Here's an [article ab
### :page_with_curl: Default settings
_as of 2024-01-10_
- heating water target temperature: between 30 and 40°C
- heating water target temperature: between 30 and 40 °C
- consequence: the radiators can never be hotter than this
- more advanced mechanics regulate the exact heating water temperature automatically (see details below in 'Advanced information')
- between 7 am and 8 pm day mode is activated, then we heat to:
- 18,7°C if the outside temperature is at or below -6°C
- 20°C if the outside temperature is at or above 10°C
- 18.7 °C if the outside temperature is at or below -6 °C
- 20 °C if the outside temperature is at or above 10 °C
- between 8 pm and 7 am night mode is activated, then we heat to:
- 18,5°C
- 18.5 °C
- the target temperatures are evaluated using the Piano Room and the Main Office
@ -59,6 +59,8 @@ Additionally, when there are enough people to justify it, we usually also heat:
If someone is in need of a warm private room, the best choice for that is definitely:
- The Lantern
Also K-20-3 is very well heatable, but uses a completely decoupled heating solution.
---
To keep the efficiency of the system high, we actively decided that <span style="color:dodgerblue;">badly heatable rooms stay cold(er)</span>. A room is badly heatable if:
@ -76,25 +78,25 @@ Here's an incomplete list of those rooms:
To determine yourself if a room is well or badly heatable, please refer to the [expfloorer](https://kanthaus.gitlab.io/expfloorer/) and analyze the room's location in the house. Keep in mind that K18 is completely cold, while WR9 is mostly heated.
### :bath: Domestic hot water (aka dhw)
### :bath: Domestic hot water (aka DHW)
The heat pump is also responsible for domestic hot water ('dhw') being available in the Main Bathroom, the Main Kitchen and the Snack Kitchen. We have a dhw tank in K20-B water room for that purpose. When full and freshly heated, it holds 200 liters of 52°C water.
The heat pump is also responsible for domestic hot water ('DHW') being available in the Main Bathroom, the Main Kitchen and the Snack Kitchen. We have a DHW tank in K20-B water room for that purpose. When full and freshly heated, it holds 200 liters of 52°C water.
<div style="color:red;">Heating up dhw and water for radiators is not possible at the same time!</div>
<div style="color:red;">Heating up DHW and water for radiators is not possible at the same time!</div>
Usually the heat pump switches to water mode once a day at some point when it's sunny. If the hot water tank is empty, however, it immediately starts heating it up again.
The process of heating up dhw takes 30 to 90 minutes depending on how warm the water in the tank was to begin with.
The process of heating up DHW takes 30 to 90 minutes depending on how warm the water in the tank was to begin with.
#### Details of dhw heating
To heat the dhw, the heating water which otherwise would go through the radiators is redirected and its' target temperature adapted. A dhw tank is specifically designed to have passages for heating water than can give off heat to the dhw without touching it.
#### Details of DHW heating
To heat the DHW, the heating water which otherwise would go through the radiators is redirected and its' target temperature adapted. A DHW tank is specifically designed to have passages for heating water than can give off heat to the DHW without touching it.
When dhw is used, cold water flows into the tank from below. The hot water on top can still be used, because different temperature layers form in the tank. The thermometer to check the dhw's temperature is on the upper side of the tank so that the reheating doesn't start too early. When the temperature of the dhw falls below 39°C on the top, then the heat pump will switch to water mode automatically and start heating the tank to the target temperature of 52°C again.
When DHW is used, cold water flows into the tank from below. The hot water on top can still be used, because different temperature layers form in the tank. The thermometer to check the DHW's temperature is on the upper side of the tank so that the reheating doesn't start too early. When the temperature of the DHW falls below 39 °C on the top, then the heat pump will switch to water mode automatically and start heating the tank to the target temperature of 52 °C again.
The start of the heating process will mix the layers of different temperature water and first make it colder overall. Meaning: If you're taking a shower and the hot water seems to not be so hot anymore, you better finish quickly.
#### Legionella
A known problem in domestic water systems are [legionella](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legionella) bacteria which cause lung diseases. They only die above 60-70°C, but thereareother ways to getrid of them. To avoid chlorine, we went for physical removal, which means to create enough throughput of water to basically wash them away. When they don't have the time to settle down and form bigger populations they're nothing to worry about.
A known problem in domestic water systems are [legionella](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legionella) bacteria which cause lung diseases. They only die above 60 - 70 °C, but there are other ways to get rid of them. To avoid chlorine, we went for physical removal, which means to create enough throughput of water to basically wash them away. When they don't have the time to settle down and form bigger populations they're nothing to worry about.
### :question: Troubleshooting
@ -168,14 +170,14 @@ If you want access to these additional layers because you are technically adept
#### House Bus integration
The [House Bus](/technical/housebus.md) node is a piece of hardware and software. The physical part is installed in K20-B water room and the digital part, which is running on it, is recorded in [Matthias' github](https://github.com/NerdyProjects/HousebusNode_Heatpump).
Its' purpose is to allow reading all status from the heat pump, the heat meter and the electric counter, and to then write the data in InfluxDB. From there we can import it into (Grafana)[https://grafana.yunity.org/.] and use it to e.g. debug and understand the heat pump's behaviour better.
Its' purpose is to allow reading all status from the heat pump, the heat meter and the electric counter, and to then write the data in InfluxDB. From there we can import it into (Grafana)[https://grafana.yunity.org/]. and use it to e.g. debug and understand the heat pump's behaviour better.
The info made visible by the House Bus node is:
- heating water temperature
- power usage
- heat generation
- water flow
- dhw mode or heating mode
- DHW mode or heating mode
- outside temperature
- compressor power consumption
- many small details which not even Tilmann uses or understands
@ -201,4 +203,4 @@ It maintains comfortable temperatures in the house while minimizing energy usage
Additionally, the program determines the amount of available solar power and makes use of it by raising temperatures to store heat in the house.
The program also triggers dhw re-heating if conditions are good, for example if the house is warm enough and there's solar power available.
The program also triggers DHW re-heating if conditions are good, for example if the house is warm enough and there's solar power available.